Hiring Civil Servants Based on Political Views Is OKay
Wednesday, July 11th, 2007Orin Kerr writes at Volokh Conspiracy:
A lot of recent news stories echo the claim that the Bush Administration has improperly politicized hiring of career lawyers at the Justice Department (DOJ). There’s an interesting question lurking in these stories: Should a lawyer’s views of public policy play any role in whether they are hired? And specifically, if an attorney is applying for a position enforcing a politically controversial set of laws, should the attorney’s view about those laws enter into whether they should be hired for a career lawyer slot?
At first blush, it’s easy to say the answer is “no, those views should never matter.” And perhaps that’s the right answer. But I think there are actually some interesting issues lurking here, and I wanted to offer a hypothetical that I hope will illustrate them….
The question arises because it seems that 2001-2003 the young lawyers hired for the Justice Dept. who went to the Civil Rights Division had 0% Federalist Society members (in a conservative Republican Administration, the Ashcroft Justice Department!) and in 2004-2006 they were 40% of the hires. Democrats claim the 40% is a scandal, I think the 0% is a scandal, and Republicans, meek as always, are silent. This comes from thoughts I’ve had in studying the Japanese judiciary, a civil service system. My conclusion is that politics definitely should enter, and it is even acceptable to use political affiliation.
The specific issue now in the limelight is whether political appointees should defer to career civil servants in the hiring of new civil servants. The answer is clear: NO. If the political appointee defers, the hiring does not get less partisan. Rather, the opposite. Just think about the incentives. If the political appointee hires substandard new lawyers just because they support his political views, he will be criticized, and it will hurt his advancement. If the civil servant hires substandard new lawyers just because they support his political views, he will be criticized much less, and any criticism won’t matter, because his career is not in politics and he has a safe job till retirement. He can be as partisan as he wants. Knowing this, who will bother to criticize him? It’s useless, since he doesn’t have to listen.